Hollow wall structure



Jan. 23, 1940. G, w, w|| l |AM$ 2,187,959

HOLLOW WALL STRUCTURE Filed June ll, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lui.

l-Il

Y I' Y i" 4f@ J7 15g f3 4.9 ATTORNEYS.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 G. W. WILLIAMS HoLLowwALL STRUCTURE Filed June 11, 1958 Jan. 23, 1940.

INVENTOR. Gira??? W y/f/L/MJ 'l W Anale/Vgl@ Patented Jan. 23, 1940 UNITED STATE- S PATENT OFFICE g 2,187,959 HOLLOW WALL STRUCTURE f George Williams, Burlingame, Calif.` Application June 11, 1938,' serial No. 213,218

' a claims.k (ci. 727-48) My invention relates `to improvements in a hollow wall structure, and it consists of the combinations, constructions and arrangements hereinafter described and claimed.

An object of my inventionis to provide an improvement over the forms of my invention shown in my Patents Nos. 1,826,111, issuedlOotober 6, 1931, and 1,887,668, issued November 15, 1932. In the patented devices, I show wall forms of dierent shapes and these forms extend from the top plate to "the bottom plate of a wall frame; Theforms have inclined portions that extend inwardly and cooperate with other inclined portions for forming recesses that will receive concrete.'v The' concrete' in therecesses forms concrete columns'for the walls and 2 the forms themselves are provided with paper backing for forming voids or hollow spaces in the wall.'

In the presentinvention', I provide a form that has portions bent at righte'a'ngles and these"por' tions extend transversely from one face of the wall to the other,'to form recesses thatfwill receive concrete. The adjacent forms are spaced the desired distance apartto provide the desired width for the recesses. In this way,v `the size of the concrete columns can bel regulated. The material forming the forms may be a wire mesh or a metal lath or even Celotex. `In the case preventing the entrance lof concrete into the forms, except for the recesses which are designed to receive the concrete. With some types of metal laths, it is not necessary touse a paper backing. 'I'he forms when in place, support the cement that is applied 4to the faces of the forms and the two layers of cement'at opposite sides of the wall are integrally connected with each other by the cement columns. The result is a hollow concrete wall construction which is homogeneous. Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specication, and the novel features of the device'will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims. p My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, in which v l Figure 1 is a horizontal section through a'wall showing one type of form and hollow wall construction;

Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure l with the concrete facing removed as indicated by the line 2-2 of Figure l;

Figure 3 is a section along the'line 3-3 of of a wire mesh, a paper backing is used fory Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are horizontal sections through modified forms'of the device;

Figures 8 and 9 are vertical sections through modified forms of a hollow wall construction; andv Figure 10 is a horizontal sectionlthrough another modified wall form;

In carrying out myinvention, I make use of a wall framehaving an upper plate I and a lower plate 2, see Figures Zand 3. Wall forms A are placed between the plates Ik and 2 and each wall form vconsists of two halves' 3 and 4.' The half 3 has a portion 5 bent at right-angles to the face 6 `and a lfiange 1 extendsV at rightangles to the transverse portion. The other half 4' hasA a transverse portion 8 and a flange 9 similar to the portions 5 and l. The two halves are placed against each other to provide a hollow space IIJ and 'each h'alf may be lined withv paper on its inner surface so that the hollow space I0 will 'have a layer of paper'on all sides. Figure 1 shows the facel land the transverse portion-5 backed with alayer of paper IIwhile the face of the half 4 andthe transverse portionr 8 is `lined with paper I2. Should the material from which the halves 3 rand 4 are vconstructed, be of'a'non-perforated type, 'such as; Celotex and al certain type` of metal lath, then the paper backing could be' dispensed with. In the form shown in Figure 1, the flanges 1 and 9 and portions I3 and I4 are not provided with paper pass through these portions since they are preferably ofthe wire mesh or perforated type.y

The wall is constructed from a pluralityv of these forms A placed adjacent to each other soV that the transverse portion 5'of one form will be spaced the desired distance away from the transverse portion 8 of the adjacent form. The portions 5 and 8 together with the flanges 1 and 9 form the side walls for a concrete column. If desired, reinforcing rods I5 may be placed Within the four walls and then the concrete may be poured around the reinforcing rods. When the concrete sets', the wall will be provided with reinforced concrete columns I6. The flanges 'l and 9 and the 'portions rI3 and I4 overlap the adjacent form a slight distance and act as a connecting link between the forms.

The mid portions ofthe forms may be 'braced by a reinforcing member Il that extends between the forms. The outer surfaces of the wall forms are covered with a layer of concrete and the two layers are shown at I8 and'IQ. 'This concrete will be integralwith vthe concrete-columns I8, since the backing and this will permit concrete to` -55 and 56 flanges 1 and 9 and portions I3 and I4 are not provided with a paper backing, and therefore the concrete will pass through the wire mesh or through the perforations in the metal lath and will join the layers I8 and I9 to the column I6. In this way, a homogeneous wall construction is provided. The spaces Ill form hollow portions in the concrete wall.

In Figures 2 and 3, I show a plurality of the forms A disposed one above the other and overlapping as at 20. 'Ihe forms Amay be continuous in height from the top plate I to the bottom plate 2 of the wall frame, or a number of forms may be superimposed one above the other. When the forms are superimposed as shown in-Figures Z-a'nd 3, they are each individually connected. to the reinforcing members I1 by any suitable means such as by wires 2 I. The paper backing does not extend down through the overlapped portions of the forms and this will permit the overlapped portions to be interconnectedby the; concrete;

In Figures 4 to '7 inclusive,.I showslightly modiiied forms of the invention. In Figure 4, the form B has two halves 22 and 23l that are provided with angularly-shaped recesses 24 and'v '125 disposed between the ends 261 of the form. IThe angular portions 24 and 25 mesh with. each other at 21 and 28 to provide a concrete reinforcing member 29 of the shape shown. Theform B has a paper backing 30 that also extends along the inclined portions to the points 21 and 28. 'Ihe part 29 of the form is not provided with paper backing and therefore concrete will pass through this portion. 'I'he angular recesses 24 and 25 receive concrete that forms a concrete column 3l of the shape shown in Figure 4. The outer surfaces of the forms are covered with layers of con'- crete 32 and 33 and these are interconnected by .the column 3|. If desired, reinforcing members 34 and 35 may be placed across the entrance to the V-shaped portions 24 and` 25. The members 34 and 35 will be embedded in the concrete.

In Figure 5 I show another modified form of the device. The form C is composed of twohalves 36 and 31. The half 36 has an inclined portion 38 and a portion 39 which parallels the face 4B. The half 31 has an inclined portion 4I and a flange 42 that extends at right-angles tothe face 43 and at an acute angle to the inclined portion 4I 'I'he halves 36 and 31 are arranged in the manner shown and provide recesses for receiving concrete and in this way a concrete column 44 is formed in the wall. In actual practice, the two halves 36 and 31 are identical to each other, each having an inclined portion 38 at one end and an inclined portion 4I at the other. 'I'he portions 39 will contact with each other when the halves are assembled and the inclined portions 4I will contact with the portions 39. A paper backing 45 extends along the sides of the inner faces 45 and 43 and along the inclined portions 38 and 4I. The portions 39 and the flanges 42 are not provided with paper backing and therefore the concrete will pass therethrough. The concrete columns Ml may be reinforced as at 4S, if desired. The forms C will provide a hollow wall construction in which the layers of concrete 41 and 48 will be interconnected by the concrete columns.

Still another modified form is shown in Figure 6. The form D comprises two halves 49 and 5!! that have transverse portions 5I and 52 extending at right-angles to the faces 53 and 54. Flanges extend at an angle from the portions 5I and 52 for cooperating with similar flanges on the adjacent form for providing a reinforcing mesh for a concrete column 51 that is positioned between the forms. The halves 49 and 56 are provided with paper backing 58 that extends along the faces 53 and 54 and along the portions 5I and 52. The flanges 55 and 56 are not provided with paper and this permits the concrete column 51 'to connect the concrete layer 59 with a concrete layer 6U.

The nal form is shown in Figure '1. The form E shown in this figure, comprises two-halves SI and62 carrying flanges 63 and 64 attheir ends. The flanges overlap in the manner shown and the forms E are spaced apart to provide a place for a concrete column 65. The halves 6I and 63 have their inner surfaces lined with a paper backing 66 and this paper backing extends along the inner flange. Hollow spaces 61 are thus provided in the wall` by the forms and the concrete layers 68 and 69 are connected together by the concrete column 65. If desired, reinforcing rods 10 may be placed inthe concrete column.

The forms disposed adjacent to the topy and bottom railsv are secured to the rails and their transverse portionsV are cut so as to. clear. the rails. This will permit thetransverse portions to extend across the width of the wall.

It is possible to space the formsA further apart to provide concrete columns of greater width. This will permit the columns to be spaced a greater distanceapart. 'Ihe forms A will therefore be longer and additional reinforcing members I1 may be placed in the hollow space Il] to give the parallel sides of the form. the necessary support.

In actual construction of the hollow wall shown in Figure l, the reinforcing members I1 may first be placed in position and then the wiring and plumbing may be completed before the forms A are secured to the members l1 by wires .'I After the forms are secured in place, the concrete can be applied and form the concrete columns I6 the outer layers of concrete I8 and I9.

In Figure 8 I show a vertical section through a hollow wall construction showing the concrete column in section. Ink this wall construction, metal plates 1I and 12 are used in place of the wooden rails I and 2. The plate 1I rests upon a concrete foundation 13 and dowels 14 project upwardly from the foundation and extend through openings in the bottom rail. The top plate 12 is initially supported by light metal studs 15 (see Figure 9) that take the place of the reinforcing membersy I1. The concrete column hides the stud in Figure 8. The forms A are now secured to the studs 15 by wires 15 and the forms may extend throughout the height of the wall as shown, if desired. It is obvious that the forms A instead of the forms A could be secured to the studs 15 if desired, these forms being superimposed above each other in the manner shown in Figures 2 and 3.

Concrete outer .layers 11 and 18 are now applied to the outer surfaces of the forms A' and the concrete will form the concrete column shown at 19. Before the concrete is applied. reinforcing rods may be secured to the dowels 14 and these rods will project through openings in the top plate 12 and will extend above the plate. A form (not shown) is used to form a concrete beam 8i on top of the plate 12. This concrete beam will be integrally connected tol the hollow wall and the reinforcing rods 8D will extend into the bottom of the beam.

In Figure 9 I show a slightly different form of hollow wall construction. The forms 4A have u,

their ends bent inwardly at 821 at a point beneath the top rail 12. The-formingr of the con- 'crete beamv 8l will therefore embed the top rail 12 sincey the concrete will extend'- down to the inwardly bent portions 82. The portions 82 are backed with paper 82 and" this will prevent the concrete from dropping into the hollow space 83 which is similar to the space Il) in Figure l. In all other respects this form of the invention is the same as that shown in Figure 8 and therefore corresponding reference numerals will be given.

It is possible in the use of Celotex or similar material, to reinforce the material. In Figure 10 I show forms F formed of reinforced Celotex. Each form comprises two halves and the half 84 has a Celotex wall 85 reinforced at iiihand this wall is bent at 8l to extend transversely across the width of the hollow wall. The reinforcing material extends beyond the transverse portion 8l and is bent at right-angles thereto as shown at 88. The other half of the form is shown at 89 and this half has reinforcing material gli therein that extends beyond the Celotex as at Si and parallels the portion 38. The forms when in position will provide hollow spaces 92 and the portions 88 and 9| will permit the concrete to pass into the space 93 provided between the transverse portions 81 and this concrete will form a concrete column 93'. The outer surfaces of the forms may have layers of concrete 94 and 95 applied thereto and these layers will contact with the concrete column to form a` homogeneous concrete wall with sound deadening and insulation material comprising a part of the form. In actual practice, each half form 84 or 89 has a transverse portion 8l with the flange BS at one end and the reinforcing material 9| extending beyond the Celotex at the opposite end. Both form halves will therefore be identical.

While I have shown only the preferred forms of my invention it should be understood that various changes or modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

l. A hollow concrete wall construction comprising top and bottom plates, forms secured to the plates and having portions paralleling the sides of the plates and transverse portions extending across the width of the plates with flanges that abut adjacent forms, the transverse portions and anges providing concrete receiving enclosures, concrete poured into the enclosures for providing concrete columns, a layer of concrete inclosing the outer surfaces of said forms, the flanges having openings therein for permitting the concrete in the layers to bond with the concrete in the columns and provide a homogeneous wall, the other portions of the forms being impervious to the concrete, whereby the forms will provide hollow spaces in the completed wall.

2. A hollow concrete wall comprising a plurality of wall forms, each form consisting of two identical halves, each half having a face portion, a transverse portion, and a fiange, the two halves of each form being assembled so that the iiange and transverse portions are at opposite ends of the form and the face portion of each half contacts with the fia-nge of the otherhalf, thereby providing a hollow space in each form, the transverse portions of adjacent forms being spaced apart and the flanges of adjacent forms cooperating with the transverse portions for providing concrete-.receivingr enclosures, and concrete poured into the enclosures and constituting concrete columns when set.

3. A wall form comprising two identical halves, eachhalfwhaving a at surface with a V-shaped recess therein', the flat surfaces of the halves being arranged in parallel relation with the V- shaped recesses disposed opposite each other so that the apexes of the recesses interlock and a paper backing covering the inner sides of the at surfaces and the wall portions of the V- shaped recesses up to the point where they interlock.

4. A hollow wall comprising a plurality of forms, each'having two identical halves, each half having a fiat surface with a V-shaped recess therein, the flat surfaces of the halves being arranged in parallel relation with the V -shaped recesses disposed opposite each other so that the apexes of the recesses interlock, a paper backing covering the inner sides of the iiat surfaces and the wall portions of the V-shaped recesses up to the point where they interlock, a layer of concrete covering each outer face of the forms and filling the recesses and the interlocked portions, whereby concrete columns are provided that interconnect the layers of concrete and provide a homogeneous wall.

5. A wall form comprising two identical halves, each having a flat surface with transverse portions extending at right-angles thereto, the halves in each form being arranged so that the transverse portions telescope with each other and provide box-like hollow spaces, adjacent forms being spaced from each other for permitting concrete to be received in the space between the transverse portions,

6. A hollow concrete wall construction comprisingr top and bottom plates, reinforcing and form supporting members secured to the plates,

forms secured to the members and comprisingv two halves that have portions paralleling the sides of the plates and transverse portions that extend across the width of the plates, flanges carried by the transverse portions and contacting with adjacent forms, said forms being spaced for spacing the transverse portions of adjacent forms the desired distance apart to provide concrete-receiving enclosures, concrete filling the space provided by the enclosures and constituting concrete columns when set. and concrete covering the outer surfaces of the forms and bonding with the concrete columns to provide a homogeneous wall.

7. A hollow wall construction comprising a foundation, a plate carried thereby, studs supported by the plate, a top plate resting on the` top of the studs, forms securedto the studs and having their upper ends bent inwardly to underlie the top plate and be spaced therefrom, a ooncrete beam embedding the top plate and extending to the inwardly bent portions, concrete layers covering the forms and being integral with the top beam and foundation, and concrete columns extending between the plates and being integral with the concrete layers.

8. In a hollow wall construction, vertical reinforcing members extending throughout the height of the wall, wall forms secured to the reinforcing members, each wall'form comprising two identical halves with portions defining the two sides of the wall and transverse portions extending across the width of the wall, flanges carried by the transverse portions and paralleling the side wall portions, the two halves of each provide concrete-receiving enclosures extending vertically throughout the height of the wall, whereby the concrete may be poured into the tops of the enclosures and when set Will provide concrete columns.

GEORGE W. WILLIAMS. 

